The basic principle of solar photovoltaic power generation is a method of power generation using the photovoltaic effect of solar batteries to directly transform the radiation of the solar into electrical energy. The energy converter of solar photovoltaic power generation is solar cell, also known as photovoltaic battery. Photovoltaic batteries are actually a large -area silicon semiconductor device. Positive charge indicates that silicon atoms, negative charges indicate 4 electrons around the silicon atom, when the boron or impurities (elements) of boron or phosphorus are mixed into the semiconductor silicon crystal, because there are only 3 electrons around the boron atoms, and around the phosphorus atoms around the phosphorus atomic atoms There are 5 electrons, so it will produce a crystal structure with acupoints shown in Figure 1-2 and crystal structures with excess electrons to form a P or N-type semiconductor.

Because the P -type semiconductor contains more cavities, the N -type semiconductor contains more electrons. When the P and N -type semiconductor, a special thin layer, thin layer of P will form in the interface area of two semiconductors. The type of one side is negatively charged. When the binding is combined, one side of the type is positive, forming a PN knot.

When the solar light is irradiated on the photovoltaic battery, some of the light is reflected, some of the light is absorbed, and some light through the battery film. The absorbed light can inspire the electrons in the restrained high -energy level, and produce an electronic acupuncture point. Under the acting of the built -in electric field of the PN knot, the electronics and the cave movement move each other. The electronics in the area move towards the N area, so that the light surface of the solar battery has a large number of negative charge (electron) accumulation, and a large number of positive charge (cavities) accumulation on the backlight of the solar cell is accumulated. If the load is connected at both ends of the battery, the current is passed on the load. When the light keeps illuminating, there will be a continuous current flowing on the load. A single solar cell is a thin semiconductor PN knot. Under the standard light conditions, the rated output voltage is 0.5 ~ 0.55V. In order to obtain higher output voltage and large power capacity, in practical applications, multiple solar batteries are often connected to form a battery component, or more battery components are used Show. The output power of solar batteries is random, with different time, different locations, different light intensity, and different installation methods. The output power of the same solar cell is also different.